Besides trauma, the most common cause of hair loss in children is alopecia areata. This is an auto immune condition in which the body mistakenly forms antibodies against its own hair follicles. This commonly begins with the rapid onset of bald spots over the scalp. Although one smooth bald spot is most common, many may be seen and every hair on the body may be lost in some patients. Current treatments attempt to turn the process off, but this condition has a propensity to recur again and again. The most common approaches to treating this distressing problem include injections of cortisone, UVA light in combination with a topical photosensitizing medicine, Rogaine(R), and anthralin. While surgical methods are selected for those with baldness due to trauma, a nonsurgical approach should always be selected for alopecia areata.